ANALYSIS OF THE FRACTIONAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEDIMENTS OF THE CHARTAK RESERVOIR

Abstract

In the modern era, when climate change has become a global problem, the efficient use of water resources becomes an important task. Field studies were carried out at the Chartak reservoir. Field and laboratory studies are presented to determine the amount of sediment entering the reservoir and its fractional and chemical composition. When determining the amount of sediment entering the stream, characteristic sections were determined along the length of the reservoir, and samples were taken from each section with a bathometer at different times of the season, which the laboratory passed through the filter. According to the analysis of the results, the average amount of incoming sediment was 0.3-0.5 g/l, and the amount of turbidity at the exit was 0.05-0.08 g/l. Samples of sediments settled in the basin of the reservoir were taken and analyzed for fractional and chemical composition in the laboratory of the Hydroproject corporation. According to the fractional composition of sediments, particles with a diameter of 1.0-0.5 mm accounted for 13.98%, 0.5-0.25 mm – 11.49%, 0.25- 0.10 mm – 7.56%, 0.10-0.05 mm – 10.48%, 0.05-0.01 mm – 26.8%, 0.01-0.005 mm – 13.34%, 0.005-0.002 mm – 16.42%. If we pay attention to the distribution and proportion of sediments in the sections, then 35- 40% are coarse-grained (d = 1.0-0.1 mm) particles and 50-60% are fine-grained (d = 0.05-0.001 mm) particles. Sediments consist mainly of particles rich in trace elements useful for crop areas.